Geolocation and Tracking by TDOA Measurements Based on Space–Air–Ground Integrated Network

Due to the development of manufacturing and launch technologies for satellites, there are now more satellite networks. Hence, cooperative reconnaissance is possible implement among networks, aerial vehicles ground stations. In this paper, we study method geolocation tracking by time difference arrival (TDOA) measurements based on space–air–ground integrated (SAGI) network. We first analyze Cramer Rao lower bound (CRLB) source localization accuracy in different coordinate systems. Then, compare effects system errors, such as clock synchronization error, position bias observers, elevation target non-horizontal velocity target. Further, also develop a maximum likelihood (ML) estimator velocity. Finally, theoretical performance proposed validated via computer simulations.